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Present Perfect Tense: Pengertian, Rumus, dan Contoh

Rani Maharani

Present Perfect Tense adalah salah satu tenses dalam bahasa Inggris yang digunakan untuk menyatakan aksi atau kejadian yang dimulai di masa lalu dan masih berlanjut hingga saat ini atau telah selesai di masa lalu namun masih berdampak pada masa sekarang.

Present Perfect Tense terdiri dari dua bagian yaitu auxiliary verb "have/has" dan past participle dari kata kerja. Untuk subject I, you, we, dan they, digunakan auxiliary verb "have", sedangkan untuk subject he, she, dan it, digunakan auxiliary verb "has".

Contoh penggunaan Present Perfect Tense:

I have lived in this city for five years. (saya telah tinggal di kota ini selama lima tahun)
She has studied English since she was in junior high school. (dia telah belajar bahasa Inggris sejak dia berada di SMP)
They have eaten lunch already. (mereka telah makan siang)
We have never been to Europe. (kami belum pernah ke Eropa)
He has lost his phone. (dia kehilangan teleponnya)

Penggunaan Present Perfect Tense juga dapat dilengkapi dengan time expression seperti "since" dan "for" untuk menunjukkan durasi aksi atau kejadian yang telah berlangsung. "Since" digunakan untuk menunjukkan saat dimulainya aksi atau kejadian, sedangkan "for" digunakan untuk menunjukkan durasi aksi atau kejadian.

Contoh penggunaan dengan time expression:

She has worked in this company since 2010. (dia telah bekerja di perusahaan ini sejak 2010)
They have been married for ten years. (mereka telah menikah selama sepuluh tahun)
He has been studying Japanese for six months. (dia telah belajar bahasa Jepang selama enam bulan)

Rumus Present Perfect Tense adalah:

Positif: Subject + have/has + Verb3 (past participle) + Object
Negatif: Subject + have/has + not + Verb3 (past participle) + Object
Interrogatif: Have/Has + Subject + Verb3 (past participle) + Object?

Contoh kalimat Present Perfect Tense:

I have lived in this city for 5 years. (Saya sudah tinggal di kota ini selama 5 tahun.)
She has studied English since she was a child. (Dia sudah belajar bahasa Inggris sejak kecil.)
They have not finished the project yet. (Mereka belum menyelesaikan proyek tersebut.)
Has he watched the movie? (Apakah dia sudah menonton film tersebut?)
We have traveled to many countries. (Kami sudah pergi ke banyak negara.)
He has worked for this company for 10 years. (Dia sudah bekerja di perusahaan ini selama 10 tahun.)

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